Osteoimmunology: immunological mechanisms in pathogenesis of postmenopausal

Authors

  • В. В. Поворознюк Gerontology Institute named after D.F. Chebotarev of Ukrainian NAMS, Ukraine
  • Н. А. Резниченко Donetsk National Medical University named after Maxim Gorkii, Ukraine
  • Э. А. Майлян Donetsk National Medical University named after Maxim Gorkii, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2013.14.17-22

Keywords:

osteoporosis, menopause, estrogens, immunity

Abstract

The most widespread form of osteoporosis is post-menopausal osteoporosis. Its main reason is estrogens defi ciency. However, the mechanisms of bone weight
loss at estrogens defi ciency are not limited to model of direct control actions of these hormones on bone tissue cells and are considerably more diffi cult. The data obtained are the evidence of interrelation between immune system and bone tissue and are of essential signifi cance for immune mechanisms in a pathogenesis of osteoporosis.
Last year’s scientifi c research showed that the dominant role in a regulation of osteoclasts diff erentiation and activation was given to the two cytokines – a
macrophage colony-stimulating factor and a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL). In addition, for osteoclasts activity directly depends on
the production of several cytokines (TNF, IL-1, IL-6), which are called proosteoclastogenous cytokines.
At that, estrogen is capable to suppress RANKL, TNF, IL-1 and IL-6 by the direct eff ect on T-cells, indirectly – through an inhibition of IL-7 and stimulation of a
transforming growth factor beta – TGF-β.
It was showed, that estrogens defi ciency led to an increase of IL-17 production. This cytokine induces bone tissue loss by the increase of proosteoclastogenous
cytokines (TNF, IL-6 and RANKL) synthesis.
Thus, results of the recent research signifi cantly expanded our idea as to pathogenesis of post-menopausal osteoporosis. At present, on a cellular and molecular scale it is proved important and the dominant role of immune factors in the development of osteoporotic violations of bone tissue is likely to be caused by the estrogens defi ciency.

Author Biographies

В. В. Поворознюк, Gerontology Institute named after D.F. Chebotarev of Ukrainian NAMS

MD, Professor, honoured worker of science and technology of Ukraine, Head of the Department of the Clinical Physiology and Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System

Н. А. Резниченко, Donetsk National Medical University named after Maxim Gorkii

MD, professor of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department

Э. А. Майлян, Donetsk National Medical University named after Maxim Gorkii

PhD, associate professor of the Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Endocrinology Department

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Published

2014-11-12

How to Cite

Поворознюк, В. В., Резниченко, Н. А., & Майлян, Э. А. (2014). Osteoimmunology: immunological mechanisms in pathogenesis of postmenopausal. REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY, (14), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2013.14.17-22

Issue

Section

Management of menopause